In a multiple-choice question, what does the "stem" refer to?

The term "stem" refers to the main part of a multiple-choice question, which includes all the necessary information to understand what is being asked. The stem usually presents a scenario or problem that requires the examinee to select the best answer from the available options. It is crucial because it sets the context for the question, allowing the examinee to apply their knowledge and reasoning skills to arrive at the correct answer. A well-constructed stem clearly articulates the question and encompasses all relevant details that guide the examinee toward making an informed choice.

Other components of a multiple-choice question, like the answer choices or any additional information, play different roles. However, the stem is specifically designed to convey the essential question, making option B the most accurate representation of what the term "stem" means in this context.